日本語☆Ⅱ「Counters」 System A
POSTED ON: 2009年6月4日木曜日 @ 0:38 | 1 comments
。゜。゜。゜
Two types of systems when counting things in Japanese, the borrowed Chinese method..ichi..ni..san.. and the way that is native to Japan..hitotsu..futatsu..mittsu..
We will call them System A and System B.
。゜。゜。゜
Here are the few counters that were included in my studies and what I am trying to learn:
☆
System A
Mai (枚)- square/flat-ish objects ex: shirts, folded clothes, stamps, paper, tickets, pizza, CDs
Dai (台)- large machinery ex: cars, lorries, televisions, computers
Hon (pon,bon) (本)- long, cyndrical items ex: bottles, videotapes, films, pens, trees
*Kai- (回)- floors, number of times
Hiki (piki/biki) (匹)- small animals ex: dogs, cats, fish, mice
tou (頭)- large animals ex: horses, cows, elephants
nin (人)- people
Ko (個)- round objects ex: apples, sweets, round fruit, eggs, soap
Satsu (冊)- books ex: magazines, comic books, notebooks
Soku (足)- pairs (footwear) ex: shoes, socks, boots
☆
Now that you have a few counters, how do you attach the numbers?
For most, you just attach the appropriate number infront of it.
For example: Nikai (二階) Second Floor Ni (2) + Kai (floor)
☆
But! Yes, of course it can't ever be just this simple..
There are some rules to follow because some numbers get "squashed" when attaching them to the counter.
Before the rules for "squashing" make a mental note that when using these counters use "Yon" for 4 and "Nana" for 7.
☆
**If you are familiar with your Japanese numbers than this should not be too much of a surprise, but if not, 4 can also be written as "Shi" and 7 can also be written as "shichi." In this instance you use the above rule as well as many other cases too.
。゜。゜。゜
System A Rules
*In a majority of cases, the numbers 1, 6, 8, 10 are changed
Ichi (1) becomes: ikkai (remember Kai is floor) ikko (remember Ko is for round objects)
Roku (6) becomes rokkai (remember Kai is foor) rokko (remember Ko is for round objects)
Juu (10) becomes jukkai (remember Kai is floor) jukko (remember Ko is four round objects)
Ichi (1) becomes: issatsu (remember Satsu is used for books) issoku (remember Soku is used for footwear)
Hachi (8) becomes: hassatsu (remember Satsu is used for books) hassoku (remember Soku is used for footwear)
Juu (10) becomes: jussatsu (remember Satsu is used for books) jussoku (remember Soku is used for footwear)
Ichi (1) becomes: Ippon (remember that Pon is used for long/cylindrical objects)
Ippiki (remember that Piki is used for small animals)
San (3) becomes: Sanbon (remember that Bon is used for long/cylindrical objects)
Sanbiki (remember that Biki is used for small animals)
Roku (6) becomes: roppon (remember that Pon is used for long/cylindrical objects)
Ropikki ( remember that Piki is used for small animals)
Hachi (8) becomes: Happon (remember that Pon is used for long/cylindrical objects)
Happiki (remember that Piki is used for small animals)
Juu (10) becomes: Juppon (remember that Pon is used for long/cylindrical objects)
Juppiki (remember that Piki is used for small animals)
Whew! Was it as difficult as you thought it was going to be? Maybe not so much, the irregular counters even have a coherent pattern to follow.
☆
★【Building Activity】★
Now that you know a few counters and have reviewed your numbers, how about an application?
With the phrase "May I have/I would like..."
The pattern is:
Item + O + Counter + kudasai
Example:
May I have two notebooks? Nouto o sansatsu kudasai (ノートをさんさつください)
☆
PRACTICE
May I have two bottles of sake
I would like six bottles of beer (bi-ru)
May I have three apples (ringo)
I would like five stamps (kitte)
*Remember to watch out for the irregulars
*Click on the monkey for a suggested website to practice your hirigana/katakana
ラベル: Counters, System A, 日本語
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So, you plant your own garden and decorate your own soul,
instead of waiting for someone to bring you flowers.
You learn that you really can endure,
that you really are strong, and you really do have worth.
You learn and learn, with every goodbye you learn.
Scream your name
Your thoughts, and your cries. Be nice.
Tagboard here, I like shoutmix.com. It can be 100% in width, the height you can put it as whatever. Best if the style is "wide"
日本語☆Ⅱ「Counters」 System A
POSTED ON: 2009年6月4日木曜日 @ 0:38 | 1 comments
。゜。゜。゜
Two types of systems when counting things in Japanese, the borrowed Chinese method..ichi..ni..san.. and the way that is native to Japan..hitotsu..futatsu..mittsu..
We will call them System A and System B.
。゜。゜。゜
Here are the few counters that were included in my studies and what I am trying to learn:
☆
System A
Mai (枚)- square/flat-ish objects ex: shirts, folded clothes, stamps, paper, tickets, pizza, CDs
Dai (台)- large machinery ex: cars, lorries, televisions, computers
Hon (pon,bon) (本)- long, cyndrical items ex: bottles, videotapes, films, pens, trees
*Kai- (回)- floors, number of times
Hiki (piki/biki) (匹)- small animals ex: dogs, cats, fish, mice
tou (頭)- large animals ex: horses, cows, elephants
nin (人)- people
Ko (個)- round objects ex: apples, sweets, round fruit, eggs, soap
Satsu (冊)- books ex: magazines, comic books, notebooks
Soku (足)- pairs (footwear) ex: shoes, socks, boots
☆
Now that you have a few counters, how do you attach the numbers?
For most, you just attach the appropriate number infront of it.
For example: Nikai (二階) Second Floor Ni (2) + Kai (floor)
☆
But! Yes, of course it can't ever be just this simple..
There are some rules to follow because some numbers get "squashed" when attaching them to the counter.
Before the rules for "squashing" make a mental note that when using these counters use "Yon" for 4 and "Nana" for 7.
☆
**If you are familiar with your Japanese numbers than this should not be too much of a surprise, but if not, 4 can also be written as "Shi" and 7 can also be written as "shichi." In this instance you use the above rule as well as many other cases too.
。゜。゜。゜
System A Rules
*In a majority of cases, the numbers 1, 6, 8, 10 are changed
Ichi (1) becomes: ikkai (remember Kai is floor) ikko (remember Ko is for round objects)
Roku (6) becomes rokkai (remember Kai is foor) rokko (remember Ko is for round objects)
Juu (10) becomes jukkai (remember Kai is floor) jukko (remember Ko is four round objects)
Ichi (1) becomes: issatsu (remember Satsu is used for books) issoku (remember Soku is used for footwear)
Hachi (8) becomes: hassatsu (remember Satsu is used for books) hassoku (remember Soku is used for footwear)
Juu (10) becomes: jussatsu (remember Satsu is used for books) jussoku (remember Soku is used for footwear)
Ichi (1) becomes: Ippon (remember that Pon is used for long/cylindrical objects)
Ippiki (remember that Piki is used for small animals)
San (3) becomes: Sanbon (remember that Bon is used for long/cylindrical objects)
Sanbiki (remember that Biki is used for small animals)
Roku (6) becomes: roppon (remember that Pon is used for long/cylindrical objects)
Ropikki ( remember that Piki is used for small animals)
Hachi (8) becomes: Happon (remember that Pon is used for long/cylindrical objects)
Happiki (remember that Piki is used for small animals)
Juu (10) becomes: Juppon (remember that Pon is used for long/cylindrical objects)
Juppiki (remember that Piki is used for small animals)
Whew! Was it as difficult as you thought it was going to be? Maybe not so much, the irregular counters even have a coherent pattern to follow.
☆
★【Building Activity】★
Now that you know a few counters and have reviewed your numbers, how about an application?
With the phrase "May I have/I would like..."
The pattern is:
Item + O + Counter + kudasai
Example:
May I have two notebooks? Nouto o sansatsu kudasai (ノートをさんさつください)
☆
PRACTICE
May I have two bottles of sake
I would like six bottles of beer (bi-ru)
May I have three apples (ringo)
I would like five stamps (kitte)
*Remember to watch out for the irregulars
*Click on the monkey for a suggested website to practice your hirigana/katakana
ラベル: Counters, System A, 日本語
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